2001 Cadillac Deville engine problems

ENGINE

All light come on in engine

NHTSA complaint #11450689 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. WHILE DRIVING VARIOUS SPEEDS, THE STEERING WHEEL SEIZED, THE VEHICLE STALLED, AND THE BATTERY WARNING INDICATOR ILLUMINATED. THE CONTACT MENTIONED THAT THE FAILURE OCCURRED SEVERAL TIMES. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO TWO DIFFERENT DEALERS FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTING, BUT A FAILURE CODE COULD NOT BE LOCATED. THE CONTACT SPOKE TO AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC WHO INFORMED HER THAT THE FAILURE WAS DUE TO THE FAILURE OF THE UPPER AND LOWER CRANK SHIFT POSITION SENSORS, WHICH CAUSED THE ENGINE TO STALL. THE SENSORS NEEDED REPLACEMENT. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS MADE AWARE OF THE FAILURES. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS APPROXIMATELY 103,000.

NHTSA complaint #10978514 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT OIL WAS LEAKING FROM THE ENGINE. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO THE DEALER WHERE IT WAS DIAGNOSED THAT THE ENGINE NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 80,000. THE VIN WAS NOT AVAILABLE.

NHTSA complaint #10786396 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT WHILE DRIVING APPROXIMATELY 27 MPH, THE VEHICLE STALLED WITHOUT ANY WARNINGS. THE CONTACT HAD TO MANEUVER TO THE SIDE OF THE ROAD. THE VEHICLE RESTARTED AND WAS DRIVEN HOME. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT TAKEN TO THE DEALER. THE VEHICLE HAD PREVIOUSLY BEEN REPAIRED UNDER AN IGNITION SWITCH RELATED RECALL. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 109,000.

NHTSA complaint #10682163 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. CONSUMER STATES VEHICLE WOULD NOT STAY IN PARK. *TGW THE CONSUMER ALSO STATED THE VEHICLE JUST STOPPED, FOR NO REASON. THE DEALER REPLACED THE BRAKE LIGHT SWITCH, THE IDLE CONTROL VALVE, THE BELT TENSIONER AND CRANK AND OIL SENSORS.

NHTSA complaint #10638947 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE VEHICLE STALLED SEVERAL TIMES WITH NO WARNING. THE VEHICLE WAS ALSO SMOKING AND OVERHEATING. THE SENSOR ILLUMINATED ON THE INSTRUMENT PANEL FOR OVERHEATING. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO AN AUTHORIZED DEALER WHO DIAGNOSED AND REPAIRED THE HEAD GASKET. AFTER THE REPAIR, THE FAILURE RECURRED AND THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN BACK TO THE DEALER WHO DIAGNOSED THAT THE RODS AND CRANK SHAFT PLUS THE ENGINE NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE CONTACT WAS NOT ABLE TO GET THE PARTS FROM THE AUTHORIZED DEALER TO REPLACE THE ENGINE , RODS AND THE CRANK SHAFT. THE CONTACT WAS REFERRED AND GETTING AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC TO PURCHASE THE PART FROM THE MANUFACTURER BUT THE PART WAS STILL NOT AVAILABLE. THE CONTACT LATER RECEIVED NOTIFICATION OF NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 14V355000 (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM) AND WAS WAITING FOR PARTS TO REMEDY THE RECALL REPAIR. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED FOR THE ENGINE FAILURE AND THE RECALL REPAIR DUE TO THE PARTS NOT BEING AVAILABLE. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 96,000. UPDATED 10/07/14

NHTSA complaint #10628883 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE VEHICLE STALLED SEVERAL TIMES INTERMITTENTLY. THE CONTACT WAS ABLE TO RESTART THE VEHICLE AFTER SHIFTING INTO NEUTRAL. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC. THE TECHNICIAN WAS ABLE TO REPLICATE AND DIAGNOSE THE FAILURE. THE CONTACT RECEIVED A NOTIFICATION FOR RECALL NHTSA CAMPAIGN ID NUMBER: 14V355000 (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM). HOWEVER, THE PARTS WERE NOT AVAILABLE. THE DEALER WAS NOT ABLE TO PROVIDE A SPECIFIC DATE WHEN THE PARTS WOULD BECOME AVAILABLE. THE MANUFACTURER WAS CONTACTED AND COULD NOT PROVIDE AN ESTIMATED DATE FOR WHEN THE VEHICLE WOULD RECEIVE THE RECALL REPAIRS. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 71,000. UPDATED 10/02/14*LJ UPDATED 3/3/2015

NHTSA complaint #10626292 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THERE WAS OIL LEAKING FROM THE ENGINE. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO A DEALER, WHO DIAGNOSED THAT THE ENGINE NEEDED TO BE RESEALED DUE TO A LEAK COMING FROM THE VALVES. THE CONTACT ALSO TOOK THE VEHICLE TO AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC, WHO DIAGNOSED AND REPLACED THE WATER PUMP, THE SPARK PLUGS AND THE VALVE COVER GASKET. THE FAILURE RECURRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 70,000.

NHTSA complaint #10626132 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

THE ENGINE TURNS OFF WHILE DRIVING AND IT TAKE A FEW TRIES TO START IT AGAIN.

NHTSA complaint #10607519 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED WHILE MAKING A TURN, THE POWER STEERING FAILED AS THE STEERING WHEEL BECAME EXTREMELY HARD TO MANEUVER. THE SERVICE ENGINE AND TRACTION CONTROL SENSOR ILLUMINATED INTERMITTENTLY MULTIPLE TIMES. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO AN AUTHORIZED DEALER. THE TECHNICIAN WAS UNABLE TO DIAGNOSE THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE RECURRED WITH BOTH SENSORS CONTINUING TO ILLUMINATE. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC, WHO REPLACED THE MOTOR MOUNTS AND THE POWER STEERING HOSES. THE REPAIRS WERE PERFORMED TWICE BEFORE AND THE FAILURE RECURRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 80,000. THE CONSUMER STATED AFTER THE VEHICLE WAS SERVICED, IT STARTED VIBRATING. SHE RETURNED TO THE DEALER, WHERE THEY INFORMED HER THE MOTOR MOUNT NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. ALL FOUR POWER WINDOW MOTORS HAD TO BE REPLACED, AND THE SERVICE ENGINE SOON LIGHT ILLUMINATED. THE IGNITION NEEDED TO BE REPLACED, AND SHE WAS UNABLE TO START THE VEHICLE ON TWO OCCASIONS. THE ABS AND TRACTION SYSTEM FAILED. THE POWER STEERING HOSE LINE WAS REPLACED TWICE. UPDATED 07/16/14 UPDATED 08/11/14*LJ UPDATED 08/23/2017

NHTSA complaint #10598155 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

I HAVE NO LIGHTS INSIDE, NO BACKUP LIGHTS, IT IS MISFIRING, IT CUTS OFF AS I AM DRIVING,SEAT BELT WILL NOT LUCK ON PASSENGER SIDE.

NHTSA complaint #10598168 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT WHILE TRAVELING VARIOUS SPEEDS, THE VEHICLE SUDDENLY STALLED. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO THE DEALER WHERE IT WAS FOUND THAT THE BALANCING SENSORS HAD FAILED. THE VEHICLE WAS REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT CONTACTED ABOUT THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS APPROXIMATELY 6,000.

NHTSA complaint #10573452 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE

ADDING OIL TO CAR FROM A QUART (ONCE A MONTH)TO NOW WEEKLY. ALSO PASSENGER SEATBELT TROUBLE BUCKLING,ANTIFREEZE LEAK WHEN CAR IS PARKED.

NHTSA complaint #10485234 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

2001 DEVILLE CAR DIES WHEN EVER IT WANTS FOR NO REASON. WHY HAS THERE BEEN NO RECALLS FOR THIS ENGINE THAT IS ON MANY YEARS. SENSORS REPLACING DOES NO GOOD AND THE FUEL FILTER CHANGE AND FUEL PUMP DOES NO GOOD. AND REPLACING THE BATTERY DOES NO GOOD. IT IS THE ENGINE AND NO ONE HAS A CURE. WHEN SOMEONE GETS KILLED MAYBE THERE WILL BE A RECALL THEN.

NHTSA complaint #10361454 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:COOLING SYSTEM

I HAVE A 2001 CADILLAC DTS THE ENGINE TAKE EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS OF OIL AND A COOLANT ABSORPTION THAT CAUSE OVERHEATING AND CONSTANT ENGINE WORK. I WAS TOLD AT THE CADILLAC DEALERSHIP THIS IS A COMMON PROBLEM WITH THE CADILLAC NORTH STAR ENGINE. THE ENGINE SHUTS OFFS WHEN THE CAR RUNS HOT AND MY SAFETY WAS IN JEOPARDY DUE TO THIS KNOWN FAILURE. GM SHOULD FIX THESE KNOWN SAFETY ISSUES WITH CARS WITH THIS ISSUE AT NO COST TO THE CUSTOMER. THESE ISSUES NORMALLY RANGE FROM $1000-$4000 TO REPAIR.

NHTSA complaint #10265020 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

I HAVE A 2001 CADILLAC DTS THE ENGINE TAKE EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS OF OIL AND A COOLANT ABSORPTION THAT CAUSE OVERHEATING AND CONSTANT ENGINE WORK. I WAS TOLD AT THE CADILLAC DEALERSHIP THIS IS A COMMON PROBLEM WITH THE CADILLAC NORTH STAR ENGINE. THE ENGINE SHUTS OFFS WHEN THE CAR RUNS HOT AND MY SAFETY WAS IN JEOPARDY DUE TO THIS KNOWN FAILURE. GM SHOULD FIX THESE KNOWN SAFETY ISSUES WITH CARS WITH THIS ISSUE AT NO COST TO THE CUSTOMER. THESE ISSUES NORMALLY RANGE FROM $1000-$4000 TO REPAIR.

NHTSA complaint #10265020 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE HAS A STALLING PROBLEM. CONSUMER WANTS TO KNOW WHY GM HAS NOT ISSUED A RECALL FOR THIS PROBLEM. *NJ THE CONSUMER WAS TOLD THAT ONE OF THE TWO CRANKSHAFT SENSORS APPEARED TO BE THE REASON FOR THE STALLING, BUT THE CONSUMER WOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE COST OF THE REPAIR.

NHTSA complaint #10249250 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

ENGINE OVERHEATED AND WAS TAKEN TO DEALERSHIP. THEY ARE SAYING THAT THE CAUSE OF THIS IS THE BOLTS HOLDING THE ENGINE BLOCK TOGETHER GOT LOOSE, AND THIS IS A COMMON PROBLEM WITH THIS ENGINES. THE COST OF REPAIR WILL BE MORE THAN $4000 . THE EXTENDED WARRANTY WILL NOT COVERED THIS BECAUSE THEY SAID IS A MANUFACTURER DEFECT. I CHECK ON LINE AND A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE HAVING THE SAME PROBLEM,. ( IT WILL ALSO USE AN EXTRA QT OF OIL BETWEEN OIL CHANGES.) EVERY SAYS THIS IS NORMAL FOR THIS ENGINES. SO MY QUESTION IS: IF EVERY BODY KNOWS ABOUT THE PROBLEMS WITH THE NORTH STAR ENGINE, WHY IS IT THAT CADILLAC IS NOT FORCED TO RECALL ALL THIS CARS AND PAY FOR THEIR DEFECTIVE ENGINE REPAIRS????????

NHTSA complaint #10214763 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:ENGINE

TL*THE CONTACT OWNS A 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE KEY WOULD TURN, BUT THE VEHICLE WOULD START INTERMITTENTLY. THERE WERE NO WARNING INDICATORS PRESENT. THE DEALER STATED THAT THE KEY NEEDED TO BE REPLACED AND THE FAILURE CONTINUED AFTER THE REPAIR WAS MADE. WHILE DRIVING BETWEEN 5-35 MPH, THE VEHICLE STALLED. THE SERVICE ENGINE WARNING INDICATOR LIGHT ILLUMINATED AND THERE WAS A LOSS OF POWER BRAKES AND STEERING. THE GEAR WAS SHIFTED INTO NEUTRAL AND THE VEHICLE RESTARTED. THE DEALER MADE REPAIRS, BUT THE TYPE OF REPAIRS WERE UNKNOWN. THE FAILURE PERSISTS. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 88,000 AND CURRENT MILEAGE WAS 94,000.

NHTSA complaint #10205961 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:ENGINE

SERVICE ENGINE LIGHT COMES ON AND VEHICLE ENGINE WILL UNEXPECTEDLY DIE LEAVING YOU WITH NO POWER ASSIST ON BRAKES OR STEERING, A VERY DANGEROUS SITUATION. DEALER HAS REPLACED ENGINE CRANKSHAFT SENSOR THE THIRD TIME NOW. THE ENGINE DIED UNEXPECTEDLY NUMEROUS TIMES, AND THE ENGINE CRANKSHAFT SENSOR HAS BEEN REPLACED THREE TIMES IN 52,000 MILES. DEALER SAYS CADILLAC WILL NOT PAY FOR REPLACEMENT EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE AWARE OF THE PROBLEM AND SENSOR HAD BEEN REPLACED TWICE PREVIOUSLY. WE ARE EXTREMELY LUCKY THESE INCIDENTS DID NOT CAUSE A MAJOR CRASH.

NHTSA complaint #10196741 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:ENGINE

2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. INTERMITTENTLY WON'T START. ALL LIGHTS IN CAR COME ON, SO THERE IS ELECTRICAL POWER. I HAVE BEEN HAVING THIS PROBLEM FOR 2 YEARS...I AM NOW ON MY 3RD DEALER/SERVICE. PROBLEM NEVER SHOWS UP ON DIAGNOSTICS...THEY HAVE BEEN ABLE TO DUPLICATE A FEW TIMES....STILL UNABLE TO FIX. PCM HAS BEEN REPLACED 2 TIMES. I AM VERY FRUSTRATED....PLEASE HELP....THE SERVICE DEPARTMENTS ALSO DO NOT KNOW WHAT TO DO...

NHTSA complaint #10173980 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:COOLING SYSTEM

$3440.72 OF REPAIRS FROM JAN 05 TO AUG 06, INCLUDES AIR BAGS, COMPUTER PROBLEMS, ELECTRIC WINDOWS, AIR CONDITIONER,FUEL PUMP,WATER PUMP,ELECTRIC SEAT HEATER,ETC. ON A 2001 CADILLAC DTS WITH 60038 MILES. ALL FIXED BY DEALER AND EXTENDED WARRANTY. WE PAID #50.00 DEDUCTIBLE FOR EACH TRIP TO SERVICE DEPT. 8 TIMES SINCE JAN 05. THE COMPLAINT IS REGARDING THE NUMBER OF TIMES WE HAVE BEEN WITHOUT A VEHICLE AND THE NUMEROUS REPAIRS ON A CAR THAT IS SUPPOSE TO BE WELL MADE, AND OF COURSE IS VERY EXPENSIVE. WE ARE SELLING THIS VEHICLE BECAUSE IT IS NOT RELIABLE AND WILL HAVE TO WITHDRAW SEVERAL THOUSAND DOLLARS TO MAKE UP THE DIFFERENCE OF THE SALE VALUE AND WHAT WE OWE. WE WOULD BE KEEPING THE CAR UNTIL PAID FOR IF THERE HAD NOT BEEN SO MANY PROBLEMS. THIS CAR IS KEPT IN A GARAGE AT ALL TIMES,AND WE HAVE IT SERVICED EVERY 3000 MILES AND HAVE DONE THIS SINCE WE BOUGHT THE CAR IN DEC 2003. PLEASE CONTACT US REGARDING ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION NEEDED. THANK YOU.

NHTSA complaint #10167786 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:ENGINE

DURING ROUTINE SERVICE THE MECHANIC DISCOVERED THAT THE MID ENGINE GASKET WAS LEAKING. THIS IS A 2001 DEVILLE WITH THE NORTHSTAR ENGINE AND ONLY 48,000 MILES ON THE ODOMETER. I HAVE DONE SOME RESEARCH AND KNOW THAT THIS IS AN ONGOING ISSUE WITH THAT ENGINE. I WAS ALSO INFORMED THAT IT COULD CAUSE A FIRE. IN ORDER TO CORRECT THIS , I MUST PAY THE DEALER $2,000.00 AS THEY HAVE TO TEAR THE WHOLE FRONT END OF THE CAR APART TO GET TO THE PROBLEM AREA. THIS IS AN ISSUE WHICH SHOULD ENCOURAGE A RECALL.

NHTSA complaint #10158369 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:EXHAUST SYSTEM:EMISSION CONTROL:CRANKCASE (PCV)

DT*: THE CONTACT STATED THE ENGINE LIGHT ILLUMINATED AND THE VEHICLE WAS DIFFICULT TO START. AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC PUT THE VEHICLE ON A DIAGNOSTIC TESTING MACHINE AND DETERMINED THE VEHICLE NEEDED CRANK SHAFT POSITION SENSORS. THE CADILLAC DEALER AGREED THERE WAS A PROBLEM WITH THE SENSORS AND INFORMED THE CONTACT THE SENSORS WERE BEING REPLACED WITH UPGRADED SENSORS.

NHTSA complaint #10152771 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:ENGINE

DT*: THE CONTACT STATED WHILE NAVIGATING SLOWLY THROUGH A PARKING LOT THE VEHICLE LOST POWER. AFTER MULTIPLE ATTEMPTS THE VEHICLE WAS RESTARTED. WHEN THE VEHICLE WAS RESTARTED THE BATTERY WARNING LIGHT CAME ON AND WENT BACK. THE VEHICLE WAS DRIVEN DIRECTLY TO THE DEALERSHIP. THEY WERE UNABLE TO IDENTIFY THE CAUSE OF THE PROBLEM THROUGH THE VEHICLE'S BUILT IN DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM.

NHTSA complaint #10146760 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING:ENGINE

DT: 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE. THE CONSUMER STATES THE VEHICLE WILL DIE SUDDENLY. THE VEHICLE WILL START UP AFTER THIS HAPPENS WITHOUT HAVING TO WAIT. THIS HAPPENED THREE TIMES, AND IT STARTED RIGHT AFTER PURCHASE OF VEHICLE ON MAY 30, 2002. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE DEALERSHIP THREE TIMES. THE CONSUMER DID NOT FEEL SAFE DRIVING THE VEHICLE. THEY KEPT CHANGING THE CRANK SHAFT POSITION SENSOR. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED THE SECOND TIME MAY 28, 2004, AND THE THIRD TIME, MARCH 28, 2005. THE SPEED DOES NOT MATTER WHEN THIS OCCURS.*AK

NHTSA complaint #10135820 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.

ENGINE AND ENGINE COOLING

DT: THE CONSUMER STATED 2001 CADILLAC DEVILLE WAS STALLING AND JUMPING. THIS IS HAPPENING INTERMITTENTLY. THE CONSUMER HAS TAKEN THE CAR TO THE DEALERSHIP FOR REPAIRS 4 TIMES. THEY COULD NOT FIND THE CAUSE OF THE PROBLEM. THE CAR WAS STALLING EVEN IN THE DRIVEWAY. THE CONSUMER IS GETTING A RENTAL WHEN THE DEALER IS WORKING ON THE CAR. THE CAR HAS HAD DIAGNOSTIC TESTING DONE. THE OWNER SAYS THAT THE CAR IS UNDER WARRANTY. THE DEALER CAN NOT GET THE CAR INTO THE SHOP TILL NEXT WEEK. AND THE OWNER IS NOW GOING TO HAVE TO PAY FOR THE RENTAL FEE FROM THE DEALERSHIP. THE OWNER IS HAVING ISSUES ON HER WARRANTY ALSO. THE DEALER HAS REPLACED SENSORS, GASKETS AND ROTORS, MOTOR MOUNTS, REPROGRAMMED THE COMPUTER. THE OWNER DOES HAVE ANY IDEA ON THE CAUSE. THE COMPONENT THAT I AM CHOOSING IS OTHER. NO ONE KNOWS WHAT IS WRONG WITH THE CAR. SPEED IS NOT A FACTOR.

NHTSA complaint #10133309 — an unverified report by a vehicle owner.